Why Demographics Are Becoming a Major Market Variable Again

Why Demographics Are Becoming a Major Market Variable Again

Markets are usually explained through a familiar chain: interest rates, inflation, earnings and valuations. Yet beneath those variables sits something slower-moving and increasingly consequential: the number of people working, spending, saving, borrowing and retiring. That is why demographics and markets are becoming harder to separate. Fertility, migration, longevity and the size of the working-age population […]

The Investment Consequences of Shrinking Working-Age Populations

The Investment Consequences of Shrinking Working-Age Populations

For much of modern economic history, investors could assume that a growing population would provide a natural tailwind to economic expansion: more workers produced more output, more households consumed more goods, and expanding tax bases supported public finances. That assumption is becoming less reliable as shrinking working-age populations move from a distant demographic concern to […]

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